Nursing & Midwifery Research Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Is It Beneficial To Administer Influenza Vaccine To Older Adults With Pneumonia During Flu Outbreak? Answer: The research paradigm to be chosen is quantitative and the approach would be non-experimental design- cohort study. The quantitative study is considered most appropriate in this case as it would be possible to obtain information about particular cases that will be prospectively followed. According to Merriam Tisdell (2015), quantitative designs are deductive in nature as one can test a theory or a hypothesis. Therefore, it will be easy to test the efficacy of the influenza vaccine as it is widely recommended during flu outbreak. The quantitative paradigm has objective approach and it is well structured. Since the objective is to assess the effectiveness of the influenza vaccine in older adults, quantitative approach is justified. The rationale being aim of the quantitative research paradigm to provide inferences on a population level. Quantitative design is appropriate as helps deduce the relationship between the independent and the dependent variable in the given population. Thus, this descriptive paradigm is justified to establish association between the influenza vaccine and pneumonia during flu outbreak as it requires observing large number of patients (LoBiondo-Wood Haber, 2017). It is cited in Tigchelaar et al. (2015) that a cohort study is beneficial in observational studies. It helps to observe a group of people with similar experience or characteristics. For instance, in this research, the criteria are to choose older adults 60 years or above suffering from pneumonia for influenza vaccination. Therefore, it is justified to adopt this design for research as it would involve observing a set of older patients with pneumonia. As per Pope Stanistreet (2017), prospective approach is the more robust approach. It ensures validity and reduces errors. In the observational epidemiological studies, prospective cohort studies are considered to be more reliable when compared with cross-sectional studies and the retrospective cohort studies. There are flaws to the quantitative, population based cohort studies such as long duration. However, the literature provides evidence that such studies are generating excellent data. Although there is high potential cost of error, it is the great way to study the long term trends. Thus, it is justified to study the trends when influenza vaccine is used for protecting older adults with pneumonia during flu season. In one quantitative study the effectiveness of the influenza vaccination was analysed in people above 60 years with pneumonia. The metaanalysis quantified data with reporting the visits involving cohort and case control studies on influenza vaccination. The limitations include recall bias. However, in one population based cohort study, vaccination was found to be effective in adults with pneumonia (Restiveo et al., 2017; Vila-Corcoles et al., 2016) There are limitations found in qualitative study using systematic review to explore behavioural factors affecting the influenza vaccine among elderly. The credibility was low as important evidence was excluded. Transferability is diminished. In another qualitative study, semi-structured interview was used to identify the facilitators ad barriers of healthcare providers in vaccinating elderly patients. However, the limitations include not conducting the interviews in real time (Ellen, 2017; Kan Zhang, 2018). It can be concluded that the chosen method of research is justified. References Ellen, M. (2017). Factors that influence influenza vaccination rates among the elderly: nurses perspectives.Journal of nursing management. Kan, T., Zhang, J. (2018). Factors influencing seasonal influenza vaccination behaviour among elderly people: a systematic review.Public health,156, 67-78. LoBiondo-Wood, G., Haber, J. (2017).Nursing Research-E-Book: Methods and Critical Appraisal for Evidence-Based Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. Merriam, S. B., Tisdell, E. J. (2015).Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation. John Wiley Sons. Pope, D., Stanistreet, D. (2017).Quantitative methods for health research: a practical interactive guide to epidemiology and statistics. John Wiley Sons. Restivo, V., Costantino, C., Bono, S., Maniglia, M., Marchese, V., Ventura, G., ... Vitale, F. (2017). Influenza vaccine effectiveness among high-risk groups: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies.Human vaccines immunotherapeutics, 1-12. Tigchelaar, E. F., Zhernakova, A., Dekens, J. A., Hermes, G., Baranska, A., Mujagic, Z., ... Franke, L. (2015). Cohort profile: LifeLines DEEP, a prospective, general population cohort study in the northern Netherlands: study design and baseline characteristics.BMJ open,5(8), e006772. Vila-Corcoles,A., Ansa,X., Ochoa-Gondar,O., Satue,E., De Diego,C., Rodriguez-Blanco,T. (2016). Pneumococcal pneumonia in adults 60 years or older: Incidence, mortality and prevention.Medicina Clnica,146(5), 199-202. doi:10.1016/j.medcli.2015.09.015