Business memorandum Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Business memorandum - Assignment Example 99). Therefore, Case 1 tries to evaluate the results of lowering credit sales from 75% of total sales to 60% with 20% of next months projected cost of goods sold being inventory at the end of each preceding month. Moreover cash payments during the same month are put at a modest 20% of total purchases. Consequently, these changes amount to various adjustments; the cash receipts budget records a positive inflation to $2,769,808 from $2,734,060. Moreover, summary cash budget also records a significant rise to $738,578 from $51,908. Case 2 evaluates the effect of a rise in credit sales collected during the month of sale from 10% to 15%, and also the effect of raising a month’s payment purchases from 40% to 50% within the month of purchase. This then results in an increase of the cash receipts budget from $2,734,060 till $2,769,808 while showing a drop in the cash budget to $46,102 from $51,908. The final case, Case 3, tries to simulate the possible result of a drop in requirements of equipment purchases from $250,000 down to $100,000. This alteration affects only the summary cash budget which inflates to the $205,658 mark. The first thing that the management should think of is ways of decreasing cost so as to maximize on profits and overall revenue. This can be attained through plummeting credit sales and also minimizing expenditure on the purchase of equipment. By doing this, the overall operating costs will reducing meaning that there will be more capital to be invested back into the business consequently leading to increased growth (Blais 2011, p.

Belbins Theory Of Team Dynamics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Belbins Theory Of Team Dynamics - Essay Example In the context of the university, the student often felt sad when a classmate can no longer continue his or her studies. Or, the student often feel desolate when they have to end their group and go their own separate ways after working on a very long project. This separation can often affect their performance in the new group or the task that they are working as they are still attached to their former groups. Thus, the new group that they are with suffers performance deficit and or the process of group formation as inscribed by Belbin undergoes a tougher transition than it should. This brings to mind the valid concern on how to avoid the separation distress or separation dysfunction of group members after the adjournment process of their former group. How can this be effectively dealt with? An equally important consideration is the notion of how can we form groups that would perform but does not necessarily end in a stressful manner. On the first concern on how to avoid separation distress in the adjournment process of a group, it would be realistic to admit that group attachment cannot be avoided because it is an integral component of the group that made it effective in the first place. Teamwork and cooperation are founded on a good relationship and this good relationship is bonded by attachment whose degree may differ and thus, cannot be totally eliminated in a group. It does not mean however that team must end in a stressful manner. The stress associated with Belbin’s adjournment process can be mitigated by setting the expectations of the group members in the forming stage. This way, group members are aware that separation could be difficult and thereupon can take measures to mitigate its impacts such as saying goodbyes early, noting each other’s contact information and other measures intended to make the adjournment less stressful.

Learning memoir Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Learning memoir - Essay Example Having a car and having no driving experience did not augur well with the way I perceived things, I became restless never imagining the weird state in which I was. A car owner without any driving training leave alone experience, it was soothing to imagine myself putting my palms on the steering wheel, just to think of stepping on the clutch, it was pleased to have this thoughts soon I became obsessed my mind was clogged with the fact of spinning the wheels. Everyday I could stand by my car looking at it by admiration. After many days of desire I contacted my driving tutor, Mr. Timothy who happened to be a good instructor not by anything tangible but by the way he placed his words in the name of coaching me. Then I came to realize that I was a good auditory learner, yes my coach Timothy inflicted this in me I could learn from nothing sort to that. No pens, no papers and no computers or electronic gadgets to put my references from. â€Å"Be attentive to the speed limit†, â€Å"make a full stop at every point with a stop sign†. These words could reign on my mind every time I took to the road to train. These words were now frequently used by my coach Timothy I could now do the stopping without being reminded; I was a good observant of all the road rules. As an auditory learner I was expected to be attentive, keen and most importantly watch on how things transpired. When I completed my theory test which entailed listening and understanding the driving fundamental concepts it was a moment for my practical application for whatever I understood. Timothy and I took to the road, the training car was there waiting for us. It proved to be an up hill task for me to park a car to the back spot on a Z shape through reverse. I could not figure out the way this concept was coming about I tried at many times but to no avail it all ended in vain. It was

Automobile Industry Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Automobile Industry - Research Paper Example Then Mr. Henry Ford came up with an idea of Car for Every one. With this idea he laid down the foundation of Ford Motor Company and start manufacturing cars at a large scale to reduce price, what we call mass production. New players also entered the market with different products than that of Ford like Mercedes, BMW, and GM. Automobile industry is facing immense competition these days which has shifted manufacturers' concern to reduce their cost. A right balance of input and outputs can give manufacturers the edge which will be helpful for them to increase their sales and their profit margins. All this happens due to the customers' better access to knowledge. These days the customers are better informed compared to the previous days therefore even the decision of an average customer is well informed. Along with being price conscious, customers are also after quality and fuel efficiency. The hiking prices of fuel have asked customers to look for a car with better mileage. The car markets are moving fast into globalization. One can find the best of BMW's car is being driven in India, the Mercedes in America and the Ford in United Arab Emirates. Hence the manufacturers are more looking for ways to have a centralized product research and development centre and manufacturing at lowest rates since the competi tion has enhanced due to globalization. Market Segmentation In terms of customers' buying practice, market can be divided into Fleet buyers, Business buyers and Private buyers. Fleet buyers are those buyers which buy cars in big numbers to further their business. They usually required cars which are low priced, good in fuel economy and can run smoothly for a considerable period of time without asking any major maintenance. They include hotels, cab companies, and car rental companies. Business buyers are those which buy cars to give their executives and employees. They require cars which match the designation of the person given the car. They usually go for moderately highly priced cars. Private Buyers buy cars for their personal use. Now depending upon their social class which they belong to, they have different choices of cars. Some buy low priced, durable cars from Toyota, Honda, GM and Ford while others may go for quality and performance and opt for BMW, Mercedes or Audi. There are some, like celebrities or people with big fortunes that buy cars as a status symbol and to show their taste for uniqueness. They usually go for Ferrari, Lamborghini, Bugatti, MayBach. Competitors' Analysis There are many players in the market striving to increase their size of pie. From America we have General Motors, Daimler Chrysler, and Ford Motor Co. From Japan we have Toyota and Honda. From Germany we have Mercedes, BMW and Audi and from Italy we have Lamborghini, Ferrari and Bugatti. But BMW faces a direct competition with Mercedes and Audi as they fall in the same class with respect to performance and price. 1. Mercedes Mercedes Benz is present in the industry in the form of a giant. Mercedes Benz is the major direct competitor to BMW just like Pepsi is for Coke. It is considered to be an established brand within the industry among many competitors and among customers. It has built great brand

Pressure Sores Essay Example for Free

Pressure Sores Essay The basic philosophy of palliative care is to achieve the best quality of life for patients even when their illness cannot be cured. Palliative care is provided through comprehensive management of the physical, psychological, social, and spiritual needs of patients, while remaining sensitive to their personal, cultural, and religious values and beliefs. Hospital palliative care services are often provided through an interdisciplinary team of health care professionals including, but not limited to: Doctors, Nurses, Healthcare Assistants, Psychologists, Social Workers, and Priests. FATIGUE Fatigue is a common, distressing and debilitating symptom experienced by people with cancer. In those receiving palliative care it is probably the most frequently reported symptom and is experienced by more than 90 per cent of these patient. However, it represents the most commonly unrelieved cancer symptom. Cancer related fatigue can have a number of factors that can be difficult to establish, however despite these problems advancing research will help to promote the problem as a palliative care symptom that can be assessed and managed. In patients with advanced cancer, the prevalence rates of various symptoms are approximately as follows Pain 89% Fatigue 69% Weakness 66% Anorexia 66% Lack of energy 61% Nausea 60% Dry mouth 57% Constipation 52% Dyspnoea 50% Vomiting 30%. (Donnelly 1995) Defining Cancer-Related Fatigue Cancer-related fatigue is a complex phenomenon with physical, cognitive and affective methods of expression. A clear understanding of what it means is essential before it can be assessed and managed, or healthcare Assistants are able to discuss it with patients and colleagues. After exploring fatigue from the perspective of patients, Ream (1996) derived the following definition: a subjective, unpleasant symptom which incorporates feelings ranging from tiredness to exhaustion, creating an unrelenting overall condition which interferes with individual’s ability to function to their normal Causes and effects. The causes of cancer-related fatigue is still unknown, and lack of success in treating it at the end of life stage is in part due to this lack of knowledge. Quality of life is related to symptoms, functioning, and psychological and social well-being, while during end-of-life care, spirituality is a major issue, patients become too tired to participate fully in their roles an d activities that make life meaningful, fatigue therefore significantly affects their quality of life. Patients/Family Perceptions One of the barriers to treating fatigue at the end of life may be patients, families and Doctors perception of it as an unavoidable, untreatable symptom (Johnson, 2004).Many people experience fatigue, but studies have shown that fatigue experienced by patients with cancer is more rapid in onset, more energy-draining, more intense, longer-lasting, more severe and more unrelenting when compared with typical fatigue. Advance care planning and establishing goals of care are essential because they enhance the control patients have over their care and assure autonomy if the patient is unable to communicate their wishes or make decisions at later stages of illness. Patients want a voice in their healthcare, they want to know what to expect and how to plan for their treatment and their future. Establishing goals early on for current and future healthcare helps to avoid future unnecessary harm and inappropriate prolongation of dying. It is well recognized that interventions focused on curing dying patients result in increased suffering, with little or no benefit for the patient. This suffering may even extend beyond the patient. Nurses also struggle ethically and emotionally when care for dying patients is focused on technology rather than on comfort and quality of life. In addition, twenty-per cent of patients relatives develop a physical illness in response to the stress of coping with their loved on es poor health. Treating Underlying Causes Before a patients fatigue is simply attributed to the cancer it is important to identify and treat easily reversible underlying physiological and psychological causes of fatigue. For example, this may involve reducing non-essential medications, treating infections, correcting hypercalcaemia and electrolyte disorders or treating pain, depression, sleep disorders or anaemia .A link between fatigue, sleep and anxiety can be readily identified, and the approach to management is a general one. In palliative care, efforts are directed at alleviating symptoms, as well as toward preventing or treating the underlying cause when that is possible interventions should begin with the promotion of sensitive communication, giving patients the opportunity to discuss their fatigue in the context of living with a terminal illness and its impact on their lives , found that enabling patients to talk about their fatigue both facilitated professional assessment and helped them to explore the meaning of th e cancer and fatigue experience for themselves, and for their family and friends. This can help patients regain a sense of control and freedom to focus on other important aspects of their lives, so restoring their self-esteem .Patient and family education can be of great value in understanding cancer-related fatigue. Family members may interpret fatigue as a sign that the patient is giving up, when it is actually beyond her or his control. Complementary medicine embodies the principles of palliative care by helping to ease the physical, psychosocial, and spiritual effects of illness. It aims to control symptoms and to enhance quality of life for patients and their families. Relaxation, visualisation, massage and aromatherapy are currently being evaluated as part of a global intervention known as Beating Fatigue. There is already evidence of the beneficial effect of massage and aromatherapy on depression and other symptoms including fatigue. CONCLUSIONS/EVALUATIONS Whilst undertaking this assignment certain words keep coming to mind. Words like empathy, caring, stress, burnout, teamwork many more but I have learned to respect all patients, promote dignity, to be a better team player be confident in my abilities, but mostly I have realised that to further a career in any area of palliative care will require more training, more understanding of different patients conditions and there requirements on a daily basis and to be more conscience of the responsibilities of healthcare assistants when caring for all patients. As said previously I will seek further training in this area not only to be of greater benefit to the patients but also to seek training in some form of grief counselling to be of greater assistance to relatives and friends of patients, to empathise more and to just be able to listen when needed. Despite the high prevalence of cancer-related fatigue among patients in palliative care, its treatment is less successful than treatment for other symptoms at the end of life. The causes of fatigue in patients with advanced cancer are often unclear, multiple factors may be responsible and little is known about its causes. The specific goals of palliative care are to improve the quality of the last stages of patient’s lives, control symptoms, and provide support to family members and to pay attention to patient’s perceptions of purpose and meaning of life. The experience of cancer-related fatigue has a major impact on patient’s motivation as it means they are unable to undertake physical activities and that they lose interest in activities and life in general. Although it is difficult to conduct research on patients who are highly distressed, have severe symptoms or who are dying, there is the potential for such research to have a therapeutic benefit for those taking part. Providing patients with cancer an opportunity to discuss their feelings associated with symptoms such as fatigue provides information necessary to develop professional understanding and can also help patients to make sense or come to terms with their condition. Future research should focus on determining effective solutions including alternative and complementary therapies rather than on reassessing need. More focused fatigue assessment tools and targeted fatigue interventions for patients at the end of life are required, as is training in fatigue management so that healthcare assistants are more knowledgeable and skilled in assessing and managing fatigue. By understanding the physical, psychosocial and emotional needs of an individuals experience of advanced cancer, palliative care research demonstrates that health professionals can help patients to adapt to living with cancer-related fatigue. Such intervention can empower patients to maintain control over decisions relating to their care and can assist them to understand and find meaning in their fatigue. REFERENCES Donnelly S, Walsh D.(1995) The symptoms of advanced cancer. Semin Oncol 1995; 22(2 suppl 3):67–72. Johnson, C. (1992). Coping with compassion fatigue. Nursing, 22(4), 116, 118-120. Ream E. (2007) Fatigue in patients Nursing Stand.2007: 21(28)49-56

My Papas Waltz Analysis

My Papas Waltz Analysis Upon first reading the poem titled My Papas Waltz by Theodore Roethke, a negative opinion could be formed. Due to some of the words in this poem, it is understandable why this kind of reaction could be evoked. Further analysis and critical thinking allows one to better understand what the writer may really mean. In the first line of the poem, The whiskey on your breath is descriptive enough to produce an image in ones mind of a man who is drunk. The words of Could make a small boy dizzy further illustrate the strong intoxication of the man. It is often not in good taste when an intoxicated adult presents him or herself to a child. The poem could be interpreted as a depiction of a childs experience of abuse from his father. But I hung on like death seems to convey a childs terrible feeling from having to face a drunken father. The image painted here is that of a child and his father waltzing around the house with the boy having to hold on like death. The word death could have been use d to emphasize the helplessness of the child against his drunken father. Indeed, a child waltzing with a drunken father could be a difficult task, as described in the line Such waltzing was not easy. My mothers countenance could not unfrown itself seemed to prove that the action of waltzing with a drunken father was inappropriate and causing a disruption. Breaking down the meaning of could not unfrown, one may conceive a thought of a mother who could not stop frowning, meaning the mother is unhappy about the situation and also perhaps about her husband being drunk. In the line We romped until the pans slid from the kitchen shelf, this could indicate how the mother disapproves of the situation, for the child could get hurt and also because her kitchen is a mess. The hand that held my wrist was battered on one knuckle. The battered in this line is often a word that describes abusive situations. At every step you missed, my right ear scraped a buckle. The word buckle could be related to a belt buckle. This idea could add to the scenario of a father beating his child with a belt. The beat time on my head is another line that might lead the reader to think that the father is abusing t he child. The words that Roethke chose in describing the scene produce pictures of a violent kind of waltz. In this interpretation, the waltz was not a joyful one. The poem employs a sad mood and a somewhat satirical tone, suggesting that the person remembering his childhood is critical of his father. The smell of the whiskey, the roughness and the inconsiderate, reckless actions of the father were scrutinized and criticized. But there is another analysis of the poem that reveals a different line of ideas. The poem for others conveys a message contrary to the first impression that is often formed. The other interpretation of Theodore Roethkes poem suggests it is a dance, hence the name of the poem, My Papas Waltz. For other readers, the poem has evoked good, past memories. For example, an older man through the poem remembers his father who was a hardworking employee. A particular scenario could be the instances when his father would walk into their home after a days work with scraped hands. His father was a strong and tough man, yet a good man who provided for the needs of the family. For that person, the poem is a particular memory of a child that stood among the rest. This was a story of a boy reminiscing that instance when his father had returned home from work one late evening. He happened to be in a celebration along with his co-workers at a local pub. He excitedly waltzed while entering his home, an d proudly picked up his son, swinging him around in a dizzying waltz. Father and child playfully danced and wrestled in the living room, hence making this poem funny for some readers. A kid dancing with a drunken father would make readers think that the child is having fun with his dad. Topping the funny scenario is the expression of a mother getting peeved of whats going on in her kitchen: We romped until the pans slid from the kitchen shelf. The father and son romping typically arouse this kind of reaction from every mother, with her being the lady of the house. This is a positive bonding experience between a father and child and particularly between a father and a son. The poem is said to employ a winning tone that is light and almost comical. The constant rhythm throughout the poem endows it with a light beat like a waltz. It shows that the child was very fond of his father. Though the poem starts in a serious tone, it progresses into a playful one, reinforcing the caring regard of the child to the father. He really valued his father and the hard work that he did to provide for the familys needs. The line With a palm caked hard by dirt, then waltzed me off to bed, still clinging to your shirt suggests the loving bond between a son and his father. Through it all, the poem in its simplicity of delivery has managed to produce two completely different reactions. One either interprets the poem with a negative implication or a poem with a positive implication. A persons judgment would depend mostly on the experiences, the cultural, social, and psychological background among others of an individual. A boy indeed needs this kind of experience from his father for him to see not just the strong, matured, and responsible nature of his father. It is a joyful experience for a child to see his or her father in a light and playful mood, particularly when he has alcohol in his system. The poem does not explicitly state that the child is being beaten and physically hurt by the father. There is just this free-spirited form of dancing that could bring no harm to a boy. It is funny and sweet to be able to see a father out of his usual tough and matter of fact persona. It brings him closer to his children.

Symbolism and Allusion in Maya Angelous My Arkansas Essay -- Maya Ang

Symbolism and Allusion in Maya Angelou's "My Arkansas" "There is a deep brooding/ in Arkansas." Arkansas is stuck in the past, its memories of hatred and crime from ante-bellum days hindering the progression towards Civil Rights. Maya Angelou's poem of the struggle to a new wave of equality uses both general symbolism and historical allusion to make its theme clear to the reader. The poem uses general symbolism in nature, in time, and historical allusion to make the theme clear in a concise but vibrant poem. The general symbolism relating to nature assumes a common base of knowledge from which symbolism can be built. The poem opens with a description of Arkansas: "Old crimes like moss pend/ from poplar trees./ The sullen earth/ is much too/ red for comfort." The first example of general symbolism in this passage is the reference to moss. Moss is considered the base of the forest, the lowest level from which all of the other plants grow. Although moss is vital to a forest, it is often thought of as slimy and dirty. The moss "pend(s) from poplar trees," our second natural symbol. The poplar tree is weak and useless. Nothing can be built from its wood, and it often bends and breaks during storms. The visual image of the moss clinging to the poplar tree shows the slimy moss as "old crimes" and the poplar tree as the frail attempt at growth and a new but weak beginning. The reader gets a clear sense of the struggle toward a new life that is hindered and held back by the old, dependable moss t hat has been and always will be present. The second part of the passage discusses the "sullen earth" that is "much too red." Red earth can be symbolic in two ... ...e. Finally at the end of the poem the historical allusion brings the poem to a complete closure, and the theme of starting fresh is put into a more specific context. The "old hates" and "old crimes" are referring to those against African-Americans in the days of slavery. the new beginning for Arkansas is the attempt to reach equality, leaving the past behind. "Today is yet to come in Arkansas." Reading Angelou's poem shows the reader a new perspective on civil rights and its applicability in society. The use of general symbolism found in nature through the weak poplar tree hindered by moss and the cautious sun, paired with the historical allusion to the ante-bellum times make the theme of the poem clear. The past cannot be forgotten, and may hinder the future. Arkansas' struggle toward the future "writhes in awful/ waves of brooding" of the past.